8. Plant Physiology

8.1. Transport in Plants

8.1. Transport in Plants

8.2. Mineral Nutrition in Plants

8.2. Mineral Nutrition in Plants

8.3. Enzymes

8.3. Enzymes

8.4. Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

8.4. Photosynthesis in Higher Plants

8.5. Respiration in Plans

8.5. Respiration in Plans

8.6. Plant Growth and Development

8.6. Plant Growth and Development

8.6. Plant Growth and Development

8.6. Plant Growth and Development

8.6. Plant Growth and Development

8.6. Plant Growth and Development

8.6. Plant Growth and Development

1. Diversity in the Living World

1.1. The living world: What is living? Diversity in the living world; Taxonomic categories and taxonomical aids. Biological Classification: Five kingdom, classification – Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia

1.1. The living world: What is living? Diversity in the living world; Taxonomic categories and taxonomical aids. Biological Classification: Five kingdom, classification – Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia

1.2. Three domains of life (six kingdom classification), Viruses, Viroids, Prions & Lichens

1.2. Three domains of life (six kingdom classification), Viruses, Viroids, Prions & Lichens

1.3. Science of plants – Botany: Origin, Development, Scope of Botany and Branches of Botany. Plant Kingdom: Salient features, classification and alternation of generations of the plants of the following groups – Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

1.3. Science of plants – Botany: Origin, Development, Scope of Botany and Branches of Botany. Plant Kingdom: Salient features, classification and alternation of generations of the plants of the following groups – Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

1.3. Science of plants – Botany: Origin, Development, Scope of Botany and Branches of Botany. Plant Kingdom: Salient features, classification and alternation of generations of the plants of the following groups – Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

1.3. Science of plants – Botany: Origin, Development, Scope of Botany and Branches of Botany. Plant Kingdom: Salient features, classification and alternation of generations of the plants of the following groups – Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

1.3. Science of plants – Botany: Origin, Development, Scope of Botany and Branches of Botany. Plant Kingdom: Salient features, classification and alternation of generations of the plants of the following groups – Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

2. Structural Organisation in Plants - Morphology

2.1. Morphology of flowering Plants. Vegetative: Parts of a typical Angiospermic plant

2.1. Morphology of flowering Plants. Vegetative: Parts of a typical Angiospermic plant

2.2. Vegetative morphology and modifications- types; Venation, Phyllotaxy - a) Root

2.2. Vegetative morphology and modifications- types; Venation, Phyllotaxy - a) Root

b) Stem

b) Stem

c) Leaf

c) Leaf

2.3. Reproductive: Inflorescence – Racemose, Cymose and special types ( in brief)

2.3. Reproductive: Inflorescence – Racemose, Cymose and special types ( in brief)

2.4. Flower: Parts of a flower and their detailed description – a) Aestivation

2.4. Flower: Parts of a flower and their detailed description – a) Aestivation

b) Placentation

b) Placentation

2.5. Fruits: Types- True, False and parthenocarpic fruits

2.5. Fruits: Types- True, False and parthenocarpic fruits

3. Reproduction in Plants

3.1. Modes of Reproduction: Asexual reproduction - a) Binary fission

3.1. Modes of Reproduction: Asexual reproduction - a) Binary fission

b) Sporulation

b) Sporulation

c) Budding

c) Budding

d) Fragmentation

d) Fragmentation

e) Vegetative propagation in plants

e) Vegetative propagation in plants

3.2. Sexual reproduction - Overview of angiosperm life cycle.

3.2. Sexual reproduction - Overview of angiosperm life cycle.

3.3. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants: Development of male and female gametophytes. Pollination – Types, agents , Out breeding devices and Pollen – Pistil interaction. Double Fertilization – a) Stamen

3.3. Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants: Development of male and female gametophytes. Pollination – Types, agents , Out breeding devices and Pollen – Pistil interaction. Double Fertilization – a) Stamen

b) Microsporangium

b) Microsporangium

c) Pollen grain

c) Pollen grain

d) Pistil

d) Pistil

e) Megasporangium (ovule)

e) Megasporangium (ovule)

f) Embryo sac

f) Embryo sac

g) Out breeding devices

g) Out breeding devices

h) Double Fertilization

h) Double Fertilization

3.4. Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed. Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony

3.4. Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed. Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony

3.4. Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed. Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony

3.4. Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed. Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony

3.4. Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed. Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony

3.4. Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed. Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony

3.4. Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed. Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony

3.4. Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed. Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony

3.4. Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed. Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony

3.4. Post fertilisation events: Development of endosperm and embryo; development of seed, Structure of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous seeds, Significance of fruit and seed. Special modes – Apomixis, parthenocarpy, polyembryony

4. Plant Systamatics

4.1. Taxonomy of angiosperms: Introduction. Types of Systems of classification (In brief). Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant. Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

4.1. Taxonomy of angiosperms: Introduction. Types of Systems of classification (In brief). Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant. Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

4.1. Taxonomy of angiosperms: Introduction. Types of Systems of classification (In brief). Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant. Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

4.1. Taxonomy of angiosperms: Introduction. Types of Systems of classification (In brief). Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant. Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

4.1. Taxonomy of angiosperms: Introduction. Types of Systems of classification (In brief). Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant. Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

4.1. Taxonomy of angiosperms: Introduction. Types of Systems of classification (In brief). Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant. Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

4.1. Taxonomy of angiosperms: Introduction. Types of Systems of classification (In brief). Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant. Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

4.1. Taxonomy of angiosperms: Introduction. Types of Systems of classification (In brief). Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant. Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

4.1. Taxonomy of angiosperms: Introduction. Types of Systems of classification (In brief). Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant. Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

4.1. Taxonomy of angiosperms: Introduction. Types of Systems of classification (In brief). Semi- Technical description of a typical flowering plant. Description of Families: Fabaceae, Solanaceae and Liliaceae

5. Cell Structure and Function

5.1. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

5.1. Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells

5.2. Ultra Structure of Plant

5.2. Ultra Structure of Plant

5.3. Endoplasmic reticulum

5.3. Endoplasmic reticulum

5.4. Mitochondria

5.4. Mitochondria

5.5. Plastids

5.5. Plastids

5.6. Ribosomes

5.6. Ribosomes

5.7. Vacuoles

5.7. Vacuoles

5.8. Lysosomes

5.8. Lysosomes

5.9. Microbodies

5.9. Microbodies

5.10. Centrosome and Centriole

5.10. Centrosome and Centriole

5.11. Cilia, Flagella

5.11. Cilia, Flagella

5.12. Cytoskeleton

5.12. Cytoskeleton

5.13. Chromosomal Structural Organisation

5.13. Chromosomal Structural Organisation

5.13. Structure and Functions of Proteins

5.13. Structure and Functions of Proteins

5.14. Carbohydrates, Lipids and Nucleic acids

5.14. Carbohydrates, Lipids and Nucleic acids

5.15. Cell cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis

5.15. Cell cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis

5.15. Cell cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis

5.15. Cell cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis

6. Internal Organisation of Plants

6.1. Tissues – Types, structure and functions

6.2. Meristematic

6.2. Meristematic

6.3. Anatomy of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous plants – Root, Stem and Leaf

6.3. Anatomy of Dicotyledonous and Monocotyledonous plants – Root, Stem and Leaf

6.4. Secondary growth in Dicot stem and Dicot root

6.4. Secondary growth in Dicot stem and Dicot root

7. Plant Ecology

7.1. Hydrophytes, Mesophytes and Xerophytes

9. Microbiology

9.1. Bacteria

9.1. Bacteria

9.2. Viruses

9.2. Viruses

10. Genetics

10.1. Principles of Inheritance and Variation

10.1. Principles of Inheritance and Variation

10.2. Mendel's Experiments

10.2. Mendel's Experiments

10.3. Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

10.3. Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance

11. Molecular Biology

11.1.DNA

11.1.DNA

11. 2. DNA Vs RNA

11. 2. DNA Vs RNA

11.3. RNA World

11.3. RNA World

12. Biotechnology

12.1. Principles of Biotechnology

12.1. Principles of Biotechnology

12.2. Biotechnology and its Applications

12.2. Biotechnology and its Applications

13. Plants, Microbes and Human Welfare

13.1.Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production

13.2. Microbes in Human Welfare